Atụmatụ nhazi ọzọ maka calcium carbonate emelitere polyethylene PE

Polyethylene (PE) bụ otu n'ime plastik ndị dọtara mmasị kachasị na mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. O nwere uru dị na ezigbo iguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala, iguzogide ọtụtụ nchara acid na alkali, nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ dị mma, ịkpụzi ngwa ngwa na arụmọrụ siri ike. A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, ihe owuwu ụlọ, ụgbọala, bayoloji na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Agbanyeghị, ojiji ya na-ebelata site na adịghị ike ya dịka enweghị ike iguzogide okpomọkụ na obere ihe eji arụ ọrụ.

Ultrafine CaCO3 nwere obere nha ihe na mgbasa dị mma. O nwere uru nke ibelata oghere na oghere dị na plastik ma mee ka mbelata nke plastik dịkwuo otu. A na-ejupụta ya na polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, na polypropylene. N'etiti plastik ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ike ime ka ike, nkwụsi ike nha na nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa plastik ka mma.

Agbanyeghị, ọtụtụ nnyocha egosila na naanị iji calcium carbonate ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ e ji emeju ihe iji mejupụta polymers agbanwere agbanwe ma ọ bụ gbanwee ihe ndị ọzọ anaghị enweta nsonaazụ kacha mma, mmezi arụmọrụ dịkwa mfe. Mgbanwe ngwakọta nke ọtụtụ ntụ mineral na-abụghị ọla na-enwekarị mmetụta ka mma ma nwee ike ime ka arụmọrụ ihe niile ka mma. Ugbu a, enwere ọtụtụ ngwa nyocha.

Nnyocha nke Yang Changyou na ndị ọzọ mere egosila na nano-CaCO3 nwere ike ime ka ndakọrịta na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke ihe mejupụtara polyethylene dịkwuo mma, eriri bagasse (BF) nwekwara ike ime ka kristal na ike nke ihe mejupụtara dịkwuo mma. Ha abụọ nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ nke ihe mejupụtara na usoro nke ihe mejupụtara.

01 Nhazi nke polyethylene PE

A na-ekewa PE dịka usoro kemịkalụ ya si dị, ibu molekul dị n'otu na usoro polymerization. Enwere ike kewaa ya n'ụzọ atọ: polyethylene dị njupụta dị ala (LDPE), polyethylene dị njupụta dị elu (HDPE) na polyethylene dị njupụta dị ala (LLDPE).

▷ Polyethylene dị obere

LDPE nwere oke nkesa molekul dị iche iche, obere kristal, ma na-enwe mmetụta maka ịcha ntutu. Ọ nwere ike ime ka nrụgide sie ike n'oge usoro ịkpụzi, yabụ LDPE nwere ezigbo ihe onwunwe anya na ike nhazi. N'ihi na modulus nke Young nke mpaghara kristal dị elu karịa nke mpaghara amorphous, ike siri ike na ike nrụgide nke LDPE dị ala, mana ike na ogologo oge mgbe ọ gbawara dị elu.
A na-ejikarị LDPE eme ihe n'ime akpa nkwakọ ngwaahịa plastik, ihe nkiri ugbo, ngwaahịa a kpụrụ akpụ, wdg.

▷ Polyethylene dị elu

HDPE eriri extrusion ọkpọkọ nwere ike siri ike, siri ike, na ihe ndị dị na igwe, mana ọ dị mfe ịka nká ma gbanwee, ike elu ya dịkwa ala. Enwere ike iji HDPE mee ihe na paịpụ, ịkpụzi ihe ntụtụ, ịkpụzi ihe, ụgbụ ịkụ azụ, eriri, ihe nkiri nkwakọ ngwaahịa na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. HDPE nwere ezigbo mkpuchi ma enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe mkpuchi maka waya na eriri, yana ụfọdụ ihe mkpuchi ngwa ụlọ.

▷ Polyethylene dị larịị nke nwere njupụta dị ala

LLDPE bụ ụdị polyethylene ọhụrụ nke emepụtara ọhụrụ ma mepụta ngwa ngwa n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Ọ bụ copolymer nke ethylene na olefin. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere obere polyethylene, obere njupụta polyethylene nwere ọdịdị yiri nke ahụ, ọ na-egbuke egbuke nke ọma n'elu, ọ na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị ala, mana ọ naghị aghọta nke ọma. LLDPE na-abanye ugbu a n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ahịa polyethylene ọdịnala niile, gụnyere ihe nkiri, ịkpụzi, paịpụ na waya na eriri.

02 Mgbanwe nke polyethylene PE

Polyethylene otu nwere ihe ndị dị ka enweghị ike iguzogide ịka nká okpomọkụ, ike ọgwụgwụ na gburugburu ebe okpomọkụ dị ala, ike siri ike dị ala, na ike mgbochi mmetụta adịghị mma. Ya mere, a ga-elekwasị anya na ọgwụgwọ mgbanwe ahụ.

Ugbu a, mgbanwe nke PE gụnyere ụzọ abụọ esi agbanwe ihe: mgbanwe kemịkalụ na mgbanwe anụ ahụ. Na mgbanwe anụ ahụ, mgbanwe emelitere maka njupụta bụ ngwakọta ma ọ bụ ihe mejupụtara nke a kwadebere site na ịgbakwunye ihe ndozi na polyethylene na ngwakọta iji melite ụfọdụ njirimara nke polyethylene ma ọ bụ nye polyethylene ihe onwunwe ọhụrụ.

Ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị mma nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe ugbu a gụnyere calcium carbonate, ntụ quartz, eriri ntụ ọka osisi, eriri ahịhịa/osikapa osikapa, silica, ajị anụ, eriri iko, kaolin, beads iko, talc, graphite, nanotubes carbon, wdg. Site na itinye ụdị ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eme ka ihe dị mma na polyethylene, enwere ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa ma melite ike, ike, nkwụsi ike nha, iguzogide okpomọkụ, magnetism, conductivity na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na ngwaahịa ahụ.

N'ịchọpụta ụkpụrụ ya, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-adịghị n'ime ahụ nwere oke iguzogide okpomọkụ na ike, ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-adịghị n'ime ahụ nwekwara nnukwu mmetụta na usoro nhazi kristal nke polyethylene. Dịka ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị n'ime ahụ ghara ịdị n'ime ahụ, ha nwere ike imetụta ike, nrụsi ike na iguzogide okpomọkụ nke polyethylene resin na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ dị mkpa.

03 Calcium carbonate gbanwere

Calcium carbonate, dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-adịghị mma dị iche iche, nwere ọghọm abụọ mgbe ejiri ya na ihe polymer:

N'otu aka, elu ahụ bụ hydrophilic na oleophobic, nwere polarity siri ike, megidere hydrophobic na oleophilic obere polarity nke ahụ organic, ọ na-esiri ike ijikọta ya na matrix polymer;

N'aka nke ọzọ, calcium carbonate enweghị ike ijikọ ya na polima nke ọma, ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ na-agbaze naanị. Calcium carbonate gabigara ókè ga-akpata nnukwu mbelata na arụmọrụ nke ihe polima, na-eme ka ọ sie ike imepụta na ịhazi ngwaahịa.

N'ọrụ bara uru, e kwesịrị inwe ezigbo njikọ n'etiti calcium carbonate na polyethylene, nha irighiri ihe nke calcium carbonate kwesịrị ịdị obere, mgbasa ya kwesịkwara ịdị mma. Ya mere, a ga-agbanwerịrị calcium carbonate.

A na-agbanwe calcium carbonate site na iji titanate coupling agent. Ọ dị mfe ịgbaze alkyl dị na ihe na-ejikọ ya ma jikọta ya na -OH n'elu calcium carbonate n'oge usoro mgbanwe ahụ, nke nwere ike ime ka ihe onwunwe elu nke calcium carbonate ghọọ hydrophobic; Enwere ike ijikọ ihe owuwu atọ ahụ na polymer ma ọ bụ jikọta ya na kemịkalụ, si otú a na-eme ka ndakọrịta ihu dị n'etiti calcium carbonate na polymer dịkwuo mma na rheology na mgbasa nke calcium carbonate na sistemụ ahụ, si otú a na-eme ka ihe onwunwe igwe na ihe onwunwe igwe dịkwuo mma.

Ụkpụrụ mgbanwe nke ihe nnọchite njikọ titanate

04 Polyethylene agbanweela agbanwee ntụ ntụ nke na-adịghị n'ime ihe

Zuo Yinze na ndị otu ya jiri ihe njikọ titanate (KH101) na ihe njikọ silane (KH570) gbanwee CaCO3 na SiO2 dị ka ihe na-ejupụta, ma mee ihe njikọta PE abụọ na nke atọ nwere HDPE dị ka matrix. Nnyocha ahụ na-egosi na: mgbasa nke nanoparticles agbanwere agbanwe na matrix ahụ ka mma, a na-ebelata ihe gbasara njikọta, ike nrụgide na ike mmetụta nke ihe njikọta abụọ na-abawanye na mbụ wee belata ka ọdịnaya CaCO3 na SiO2 na-abawanye. Mgbe ọnụọgụ doping nke SiO2 bụ 7wt%, arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ihe mejupụtara PE/SiO2 kacha mma; Mgbe ọnụọgụgụ CaCO3 doping bụ 15wt%, arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ihe mejupụtara PE/CaCO3 kacha mma. Na ihe mejupụtara PE/CaCO3/SiO2, mgbe ọnụọgụgụ calcium carbonate na SiO2 doping bụ 25wt% na 7wt%, ike nrụgide na ike mmetụta notched na-abawanye site na 17.6% na 34.5% n'otu n'otu, na-ahụ na mmetụta synergistic na-arụ ọrụ ma na-enweta nsonaazụ ka mma. Arụmọrụ zuru oke.

Zhou Lin na ndị ọzọ mepụtara ihe mejupụtara ya nke nwere nnukwu arụmọrụ yana nano-calcium carbonate agwakọtara ya na SBS/HDPE. Nnyocha ahụ gosiri na: ike mmetụta, ike nrụgide, na ogologo oge mgbe e mebiri nano-calcium carbonate na ngwakọta polyethylene SBS/high-density mụbara ka mmụba nke nano-calcium carbonate. Mgbanwe na oke oke niile na-egosi mgbanwe parabolic na oghere na-agbada. Ebe ọ bụ na njirimara mmetụta, ike nrụgide, na ogologo oge mgbe e mebiri ngwakọta ahụ na-agbanwe n'otu oge, enwere ike ikwubi na nano-calcium carbonate nwere ike ime ka ngwakọta ahụ sie ike ma mee ka ọ sie ike. Arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ngwakọta ahụ kacha mma mgbe oke oke nke nano-calcium carbonate ruru 15% nke oke mkpokọta nke ngwakọta ahụ.

Zhang Xiaoqian na ndị otu ya jikọtara oke dị iche iche nke ajị CaCO3 na ntụ osisi na HDPE iji kwadebe ihe mejupụtara ntụ osisi CaCO3/HDPE/ntụ ọka. Nnyocha ha gosiri na mgbe ọnụọgụ ọgwụ CaCO3 dị 7%, ike nrụgide ruru uru kachasị elu nke 28.3MPa. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ihe mejupụtara ntụ osisi HDPE/ntụ ntụ osisi (19.7MPa), ọ na-amụba site na 43.7%, ebe ike mgbagọ na mmetụta na-amụba site na 19.2% na 20.1%.